|
Captain Henry Lambert RN (died 4 January 1813) was an officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. During his career, Lambert served in numerous ships and several military actions with success, participating in the capture of Île Bonaparte in the Indian Ocean as second in command under Josias Rowley. Lambert is best known however for being captain of the frigate HMS ''Java'' on 29 December 1812 when she was captured in the Mid-Atlantic by USS ''Constitution'' during the War of 1812. Lambert was mortally wounded in the battle and died seven days later in Salvador, Brazil. ==Career== Lambert was the son of naval Captain Robert Lambert and entered the navy at an early age aboard HMS ''Cumberland'' in 1795. Serving in the Mediterranean, ''Cumberland'' was heavily engaged at the Battle of Hyères where the French ship of the line ''Alcide'' was blown up. For the next six years, Lambert served in the Mediterranean on board the frigate HMS ''Virginie'' and the ship of the line HMS ''Suffolk'' before obtaining promotion to lieutenant in 1801. He later joined HMS ''Victorious'' and the following year HMS ''Centurion'' during the Peace of Amiens.〔(Lambert, Henry ), ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', J. K. Laughton, (subscription required), Retrieved 15 November 2008〕 At the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars in 1803, Lambert was promoted to be commander of the 20-gun . In April 1804 he fought off the 36-gun French privateer ''Psyché'' on the East India Station. The following year he became a post captain in command of the 44-gun frigate HMS ''San Fiorenzo''. As captain of ''San Fiorenzo'', in February 1805 he encountered the ''Psyché'' again, now a frigate of the French Navy. This time Lambert captured her. He then sailed ''San Fiorenzo'' back to Britain in June. In 1808 Lambert took command of the frigate HMS ''Iphigenia'', initially based at Quebec, but later transferring back to the Indian Ocean where he had previously been successful.〔 Attached to the squadron then besieging Île Bonaparte and Île de France under Josias Rowley, in July 1810 Lambert participated in the successful invasion of Île Bonaparte.〔 The following month, Lambert was part of a frigate squadron led by Samuel Pym which attempted to raid the anchorage of Grand Port on Île de France. Due to poor charts of the numerous reefs within the harbour, the attack was a disaster, with two frigates destroyed and two more, including ''Iphigenia'' severely damaged and captured. Lambert and his crew were released from captivity following the successful invasion of Île de France and honourably acquitted in the court martial inquiring into the loss of their ship, which had also been recaptured.〔 In 1812, Lambert was given command of HMS ''Java'', originally a French frigate captured during the Mauritius campaign. On 29 December, ''Java'' engaged the larger American frigate USS ''Constitution'' which captured in Java in a bitter battle, Lambert opting to engage the American ship rather than flee in the hope of inflicting such damage that ''Constitution'' would be forced to retire to the US for repairs.〔 In the event, ''Java'' was captured and destroyed and Lambert mortally wounded by a musket ball in the chest. Despite the efforts of the American surgeon aboard ''Constitution'', Lambert died on 4 January 1813 in Salvador, Brazil from the effects of his wounds and was buried the following day.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Henry Lambert」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|